WHERE DO YOU STORE BODY FAT?

The human body is a complex and intricate system, and its functions are regulated by a myriad of hormones.

Among the many roles hormones play, their impact on muscle growth and body fat distribution is particularly significant.

In both men and women, hormonal balance plays a crucial role in shaping body composition and influencing fitness outcomes.

TESTOSTERONE

One of the key players in muscle growth, particularly in men, is testosterone.

Testosterone is a sex hormone produced in the testes (and in smaller amounts in the adrenal glands).

It is responsible for the development of male reproductive tissues and has a powerful impact on muscle mass.

Testosterone promotes protein synthesis, the process by which the body builds and repairs muscle tissues.

As a result, men with higher testosterone levels often experience more significant muscle growth when engaging in resistance training.

This hormone also contributes to increased bone density, enhancing overall strength.

Natural testosterone levels start declining rapidly after the age of 30, triggering profound changes in brain chemistry, muscle mass and body fat levels, also known as middle age spread.

This can effectively be countered by regular weight training, so it's not all doom and gloom!

OESTROGEN

While testosterone is predominantly associated with muscle growth, oestrogen, the primary female sex hormone, also plays a role.

Though women have lower levels of testosterone than men, their bodies are sensitive to its effects, and the balance between oestrogen and testosterone influences muscle development.

Oestrogen contributes to the maintenance of connective tissues and supports the repair of muscle fibres.

Women with lower oestrogen levels may find it more challenging to build and maintain lean muscle mass.

This is problematic, because muscle mass is the main driver behind metabolic rate, so women (and men) with lower muscle mass will need a lower calorie intake to maintain or lower body fat levels.

BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION

In women, oestrogen influences fat distribution, favouring a gynoid pattern where fat is stored in the hips and thighs.

Men, on the other hand, often experience an android pattern with fat accumulating around the abdomen.

Hormonal fluctuations, such as those occurring during puberty, pregnancy, aging and menopause, can impact fat distribution patterns.

Achieving and maintaining a balanced hormonal environment is crucial for optimal body composition.

Regular exercise, especially weight lifting, has been shown to positively impact hormone levels in both genders.

Additionally, adopting a healthy lifestyle, including sufficient sleep, stress management, and a balanced diet, can contribute to hormonal balance.

Written by Peter Varga 10/11/2023